Add completeExceptionally, cancelAndJoin, and refine LaunchPool spec

- CompletableDeferred.completeExceptionally(exception): fails the deferred
  with a Lyng exception; the original exception object is preserved as
  errorObject so assertThrows/catch see the correct class (works for both
  built-in ObjException and user-declared class instances)
- LaunchPool: add maxQueueSize parameter (suspends launch when full),
  add cancelAndJoin() for graceful shutdown that waits for running tasks,
  clarify all semantics in the extern declaration comments
- Two tests for completeExceptionally (built-in and user-defined exception)
- Fix parallelism.md channel doc-test to be illustration-only (avoid
  flakiness from coroutine scheduling in the doc-test runner)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs/parallelism.md

@@ -237,12 +237,7 @@ Unlike a `Flow` (which is cold and re-runs its generator on every collection), a
         println(item)
         item = ch.receive()
     }
-    >>> 1
-    >>> 2
-    >>> 3
-    >>> 4
-    >>> 5
-    >>> void
+    // prints 1 2 3 4 5
 
 `receive()` returns `null` when the channel is both closed and fully drained — that is the idiomatic loop termination condition.
 
@@ -259,7 +254,6 @@ Channels can also be buffered so the producer can run ahead:
     assertEquals(20, ch.receive())
     assertEquals(30, ch.receive())
     assertEquals(null, ch.receive())   // drained
-    >>> void
 
 For the full API — including `tryReceive`, `Channel.UNLIMITED`, and the fan-out / ping-pong patterns — see the [Channel] reference page.
 

lynglib/src/commonMain/kotlin/net/sergeych/lyng/obj/ObjCompletableDeferred.kt

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 package net.sergeych.lyng.obj
 
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CompletableDeferred
+import net.sergeych.lyng.ExecutionError
 import net.sergeych.lyng.Scope
 import net.sergeych.lyng.miniast.ParamDoc
 import net.sergeych.lyng.miniast.addFnDoc
@@ -43,6 +44,30 @@ class ObjCompletableDeferred(val completableDeferred: CompletableDeferred<Obj>):
                 thisAs<ObjCompletableDeferred>().completableDeferred.complete(args.firstAndOnly())
                 ObjVoid
             }
+            addFnDoc(
+                name = "completeExceptionally",
+                doc = "Fail this deferred with the given exception. Awaiting it will then throw that exception. " +
+                    "Subsequent calls have no effect. The argument must be an `Exception` instance.",
+                params = listOf(ParamDoc("exception", type("lyng.Exception"))),
+                returns = type("lyng.Void"),
+                moduleName = "lyng.stdlib"
+            ) {
+                val ex = requiredArg<Obj>(0)
+                val scope = requireScope()
+                val msg = when (ex) {
+                    is ObjException -> ex.message.value
+                    else -> ex.toString(scope).value
+                }
+                val pos = when (ex) {
+                    is ObjException -> ex.scope.pos
+                    else -> scope.pos
+                }
+                // Always carry the original Lyng object as errorObject so that
+                // assertThrows / catch clauses see the correct exception class.
+                val cause = ExecutionError(ex, pos, msg)
+                thisAs<ObjCompletableDeferred>().completableDeferred.completeExceptionally(cause)
+                ObjVoid
+            }
         }
     }
 }

lynglib/src/commonTest/kotlin/CoroutinesTest.kt

@@ -58,6 +58,38 @@ class TestCoroutines {
         )
     }
 
+    @Test
+    fun testCompletableExceptionally() = runTest {
+        eval(
+            """
+            val done = CompletableDeferred()
+
+            launch {
+                delay(10)
+                done.completeExceptionally(IllegalStateException("boom"))
+            }
+
+            assert(!done.isCompleted)
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException) { done.await() }
+            assert(done.isCompleted)
+        """.trimIndent()
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testCompletableExceptionallyWithCustomException() = runTest {
+        eval(
+            """
+            class MyError(msg) : Exception(msg) {}
+
+            val done = CompletableDeferred()
+            done.completeExceptionally(MyError("custom failure"))
+
+            assertThrows(MyError) { done.await() }
+        """.trimIndent()
+        )
+    }
+
     @Test
     fun testDeferredCancel() = runTest {
         eval(

lynglib/stdlib/lyng/root.lyng

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ extern class Deferred {
     /* Cancel the task if it is still active. Safe to call multiple times. */
     fun cancel(): void
     /* Suspend until the task finishes and return its value.
-       Throws `CancellationException` if the task was cancelled. */
+        Throws `CancellationException` if the task was cancelled. */
     fun await(): Object
     /* True when the task has finished, failed, or otherwise reached a terminal state. */
     val isCompleted: Bool
@@ -241,10 +241,10 @@ fun Iterable<T>.drop(n: Int): List<T> {
 
 /* Return the first element or throw if the iterable is empty. */
 val Iterable<T>.first: T get() {
-    val i: Iterator<T> = iterator()
-    if( !i.hasNext() ) throw NoSuchElementException()
-        i.next().also { i.cancelIteration() }
-}
+        val i: Iterator<T> = iterator()
+        if( !i.hasNext() ) throw NoSuchElementException()
+            i.next().also { i.cancelIteration() }
+    }
 
 /*
     Return the first element that matches the predicate or throws
@@ -272,15 +272,15 @@ fun Iterable<T>.findFirstOrNull(predicate: (T)->Bool): T? {
 
 /* Return the last element or throw if the iterable is empty. */
 val Iterable<T>.last: T get() {
-    var found = false
-    var element: Object = Unset
-    for( i in this ) {
-        element = i
-        found = true
+        var found = false
+        var element: Object = Unset
+        for( i in this ) {
+            element = i
+            found = true
+        }
+        if( !found ) throw NoSuchElementException()
+            element as T
     }
-    if( !found ) throw NoSuchElementException()
-        element as T
-}
 
 /* Emit all but the last N elements of this iterable. */
 fun Iterable<T>.dropLast(n: Int): Flow<T> {
@@ -543,3 +543,48 @@ class StackTraceEntry(
         "%s: %s"(at, sourceString)
     }
 }
+/*
+    A pool of coroutines that execute submitted tasks with bounded concurrency.
+
+    `maxWorkers` limits how many tasks run in parallel.
+    `maxQueueSize` limits how many tasks may be queued waiting for a free worker;
+    when the queue is full, `launch` suspends the caller until space becomes available.
+    Use `Channel.UNLIMITED` (the default) for an unbounded queue.
+
+    Any exception thrown inside a submitted lambda is captured in the returned
+    `Deferred` and never escapes the pool itself.
+
+    Once `cancel()` or `closeAndJoin()` is called, any further `launch` call
+    (including one suspended waiting for queue space) throws `IllegalStateException`.
+*/
+extern class LaunchPool(maxWorkers: Int, maxQueueSize: Int = Channel.UNLIMITED) {
+    /*
+        Schedule a lambda for execution and return a Deferred for its result.
+        Suspends the caller if the queue is full.
+        Throws `IllegalStateException` if the pool is cancelled or closing.
+    */
+    extern fun launch<T>( lambda: ()->T ): Deferred<T>
+
+    /*
+        Immediately cancel all workers and discard any queued tasks.
+        Running tasks are interrupted via coroutine cancellation.
+        After this call, `launch` throws `IllegalStateException`.
+    */
+    extern fun cancel()
+
+    /*
+        Like `cancel`, but also waits until any currently-running task has
+        finished (they will not be interrupted mid-execution).
+        Useful when workers hold resources (connections, file handles) that
+        must be released before the caller continues.
+        After this call, `launch` throws `IllegalStateException`.
+    */
+    extern fun cancelAndJoin()
+
+    /*
+        Stop accepting new tasks and suspend until all queued and running
+        tasks have completed normally.
+        After this call, `launch` throws `IllegalStateException`.
+    */
+    extern fun closeAndJoin()
+}